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How Tax, Labor Market and Product Markets Reforms Influence Foreign Direct Investment
Tydlačková, Stanislava ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
This work analyses industry level Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in order to find out if their determinants are the same for all industries or if they differ and how. The second important question is if various qualitative variables as labour market or product market liberalization or taxation determines flows to individual industries. I analyse seven industries by System GMM model for period from 1994 till 2009. The results suggests that inflows to each industry are driven by distinct set of determinants. While there are nearly non-significant determinants for agriculture among explanatory variables I used, there is many of them significant for services. Concerning qualitative variables, labour market liberalization influence FDI inflows to manufacturing and mining, product market liberalization influence inflows to transportation and electricity, gas and water industry. The level of taxation seem to be significant determinant of FDI inflows to manufacturing. Keywords FDI, Foreign direct investment by industry, Structural reforms, Labour Market, Lib- eralization, GMM, taxation 4
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Social market economy in Germany: current situation and future development
Tomšejová, Andrea ; Antal, Jarolím (advisor) ; Vlčková, Jana (referee)
After 2 WW was a situation in Germany very difficult. Consequences of a defeat were legible in all spheres. Despite of this situation the German economy was able to recover and in the next two decades showed an economic growth. A significant share on this recovery had representatives of the concept of social market economy and representatives of ordoliberalism Ludwig Erhard, Walter Aucken or Alexander Rustow. In the first chapter I deal with the characteristics and main principles of social market economy. I define main historical milestones of this concept regarding the economic development. With another internal and external changes which inevitably affected German economy, a weaknesses of this system appeared. There were implemented structural reforms, which changed the original concept of social market economy. The second chapter is focused on these structural changes. The last and third chapter deals with current economic situation, which was influenced by the process of globalization and integration of EU. Then in this chapter I describe the current form of social market economy and pros and cons of this concept. The final part deals with future development and sustainability of social market economy.
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Structural Reforms and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis
Babecký, Jan ; Havránek, Tomáš
This paper evaluates the impact of structural reforms, mainly liberalization and privatiza- tion, on economic growth. To provide stylized facts on how such reforms worked in the past, we quantitatively review 60 studies that estimate the relation between reforms and growth empirically. These studies examine structural reforms carried out in 26 transition and post-transition countries around the world. Our results show that a typical reform caused costs in the short run, but had strong positive effects on long-run growth. Reforms focused on external liberalization proved to be more beneficial than other types of reform in both the short and long run. The findings hold even after correction for publication bias and misspecifications present in some primary studies
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The implementation of budgetary policies in terms of European integration process
Grofčík, Lukáš ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Tunkrová, Věra (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to identify the causes and consequences of adverse budgetary situation in the countries of the European Union and to clarify the possible solutions. The work is divided into four main parts. The first chapter discusses budgetary policies, specifies it and defines the concept of fiscal imbalance and its consequences in terms of a common monetary policy. The second chapter discusses the issue of structural reforms and economic policy coordination as a possible solution to the adverse condition. To understand the internal relations of the euro area, their responsibilities and rights, it is needed to be familiar with the document called The Stability and Growth Pact disassembled in the third chapter. The final chapter attempts to describe the evolution of public finances in particular selected euro area countries or EU with the consequences and reactions that caused their financial position.
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Brazil: political, economic and social aspects
Weinertová, Veronika ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
This thesis deals with economic, political and social aspects of Brazil. The first chapter characterizes Brazil as one of the developing centres of the world economy with emphasis on its geographical and demographic situation and on the political development from the period of colonization to the new millenium. It offers detailed analysis of the social problem as well. The second chapter is basically oriented to the characteristics of the brazil economy. It focuses especially on the structural reforms effectuated in the nineties and on the "Real Plan". The next part of the chapter deals with the description of che basic economic profile and the financial sphere of the country and offers the evaluation of the economic development in the 2007. At the end the "Growth Acceleration Program" is presented. The last chapter analyses actual situation of the brazil foreign trade and of the investment sphere, the most perspective sectors for investments, but it points out potential risks for the investors as well. In the end this chapter tries to define perspectives of the next development of the brazil economy and it's future role in the world economy.
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The association process of the Czech Republic to the European Union
Hobza, Alexandr ; Štěňhová, Božena (advisor) ; Jakš, Jaroslav (referee) ; Klosová, Anna (referee) ; Plecitý, Jiří (referee)
Tato dizertační práce se zaměřuje na problematiku koordinace strukturálních reforem v kontextu přičleňování ČR k EU. Zkoumá, zda proces koordinace reforem v EU, navržený pro ?staré? členské země je aktuální i pro ČR, jakožto ?novou? členskou zemi, která prošla procesem transformace z centrálně plánované na tržní ekonomiku. Práce vytváří všeobecný analytický rámec, který bere do úvahy nejen potenciál koordinace politik ovlivnit obsahovou stránku národních reformních strategií, ale také její potenciál vytvořit vhodné podmínky pro jejich implementaci. Uzavírá, že Lisabonská strategie koordinace reforem může přispět implementaci potřebných strukturálních reforem, ačkoliv je to podmíněno řadou faktorů.
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